Applied Particle Physics, Hydrogen Energy and Renewable Power Research

Constant Speed Feedback Loop

A 4-digit target RPM as well as a 4-digit measured RPM (see Hall Effect sensor below) are to be displayed on Dashboard.
Compare measured RPM to target RPM and electronically reduce/eliminate differences to align them.

If measured RPM is too high then less power/current/voltage delivered to DC motor.
If measured RPM is too low then more power/current/voltage delivered to DC motor.
This regulation achieved best by Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) Control (see below)

The measured RPM can be delivered by a magnetic Hall Effect sensor shown in photo below.

PID Control tutorials for Constant Speed Feedback Loop, Isolated Arduino Examples

PID Control is practical implementation for generic feedback loop control problems. P=Proportional deploys absolute difference between measured RPM and target RPM. I=Integral deploys cumulative sum of past differences. D=Differential deploys rate of change of differences. In general, all three deliver best control to force differences to zero achieving constant speed regardless of the cause of the deviations from constant speed.

• Arduino with Hall Effect Sensor
Uses a Hall Effect sensor chip but does not apply PID control as is needed. See Drone Stabilization example below but replace accelerometer chip there with Hall Effect sensor in image above.
• Arduino with Speed Control
Uses potentiometer for speed control but does not apply PID control as is needed. See Drone Stabilization example below but replace accelerometer chip there with Hall Effect sensor in image above.
• PID Control for drone spatial position
Deploys PID Control to spatially confine a drone with respect to several fixed points on ceiling of lecture auditorium. This an impressive example of drone positioning control which reveals the power of PID Control.
• Good explanation for PID Control for Drone Stabilization
This shows PID equations but doesn't dwell on them. Good complex example to demonstrate practical concepts.
• Good intuitive practical understanding of PID Control
Also non-mathematical also practical, actually part 1 of a longer more complete and thorough Matlab series.
• Freenove Zip tutorial material
These include Arduino intro basics + examples pdf
• Freenove UNO knock off kit sources
Higher menu choices
• Freenovo UNO knock off kit sources
Look for "Pinned Repositories" for various kits.

In addition to the Arduino approach is the Beagle Board Blue. This board contains motor drivers and is intended for robotics apps. Not sure what are the differences between the Arduino and the Beagle Board, but both need to be tried to just learn about both.

Either way, the Dashboard seeks to use something for PID Control and calculating the arbitary functions of the sensor readings for display to the Operator, and Arduino or Beagle Board appear to be the obvious initial choices.